Місія NASA OSIRIS-REx дастаўляе на Зямлю ўзор з астэроіда Бенну  

НАСА’s first asteroid sample return mission, OSIRIS-REx, launched seven years ago in 2016 to near-Зямля asteroid Bennu has delivered the asteroid sample that it collected in 2020 to Зямля на 24^th September 2023. After releasing the asteroid sample into Зямны atmosphere, the spacecraft embarked on its extended travel to asteroid Apophis as OSIRIS-APRX mission. The asteroid Bennu is an ancient carbonaceous asteroid that has rocks and dusts from the birth of the solar system. Study of the returned sample shall throw light on how планеты were formed and how life began on Зямля. More importantly, there is small risk of Bennu impacting with Зямля late next century between the years 2175 and 2199. Results from OSIRIS-REx mission will help refine the predicted path of the asteroid Bennu as well as of other potentially hazardous asteroids to plan and execute mitigation.  

НАСА’s asteroid sample return mission OSIRIS-REx has successfully brought a sample weighing about 250 grams from the asteroid Bennu. The capsule of rocks and dust collected from the asteroid in 2020 landed at Utah site near Salt Lake City in the USA on Sunday 24^th Верасень 2023.  

OSIRIS-REx was НАСА’s first asteroid sample return mission.  

НАСА’s first asteroid sample return mission, OSIRIS-REx (acronym for “Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification and Security – Regolith Explorer”) was launched to the near-Зямля asteroid Bennu on 8^th Верасень 2016 г. Ён сабраў пробу камянёў і пылу з паверхні астэроіда 20^th October 2020 and started its return journey to Зямля на 10^th Травень 2021 г. Ён падарожнічаў два з паловай гады ў зваротным шляху, каб прыбыць, калі капсула для вяртання ўзораў аддзялілася ад касмічнага карабля і ўвайшла ў Зямлю атмасфера. With this, the spacecraft completed a seven-year journey and the mission OSIRIS-REx, the first U.S. mission to collect a sample from an asteroid, was completed. But the journey of spacecraft continues towards asteroid Apophis as OSIRIS-APEX mission after releasing sample return capsule into Зямны атмасфера.   

Храналогія місіі NASA OSIRIS-REx 

Discovered in September 1999 and named after an ancient Egyptian deity, asteroid Bennu is a near-Earth арбіта, ancient asteroid thought to have formed over 4.5 billion years ago in the early phase of solar system’s history. It is a B-type, carbonaceous asteroid that has rocks and dust from the birth of the solar system. It may also have material containing molecules that were present when life first formed on Earth. Asteroids rich in арганіка are thought to have played a role in catalysing life on Earth. The study of the sample brought from the asteroid Bennu is expected to throw light on how планеты were formed and how life began.  

As a near-Earth object (NEO), Bennu is a potentially hazardous asteroid as it may impact Earth late in next century between the years 2175 and 2199 though the probability of such an event is low. The exact path of rotating asteroids (such as Bennu) through the solar system is little unpredictable due to Yarkovsky effect (heating up of surfaces during the day and cooling down at night gives of radiation that may act like a mini thruster to drift the asteroid away over time). The measurement of the Yarkovsky Effect by OSIRIS-REx will help refine the predicted арбіта of the asteroid Bennu as well as of other potentially hazardous asteroids and help in планетарная абарона.  

Under the renamed mission OSIRIS-APEx, the spacecraft is now travelling towards another near-Earth asteroid Apophis (about 1,000 feet wide) which will approach Earth within the range of about 20,000 miles in 2029. At that time, the spacecraft will enter the арбіта of Apophis to investigate how “close approach to Earth” affected its арбіта, spin rate, and surface. This knowledge will help in dealing with “close approach of asteroid Bennu” in late next century.  

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Крыніцы: 

1. Першы ўзор астэроіда НАСА прызямліўся, цяпер знаходзіцца ў чыстым памяшканні. Апублікавана 24 верасня 2023 г. Даступна па адрасе https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-s-first-asteroid-sample-has-landed-now-secure-in-clean-room . Доступ 25 верасня 2023 г.  

2. Місія OSIRIS-REx. Даступны па адрасе https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/osiris-rex/about https://www.nasa.gov/content/osiris-rex-mission-operations Доступ 25 верасня 2023 г. 

3. Касмічны карабель OSIRIS-REx адпраўляецца для новай місіі. Даступны па адрасе https://blogs.nasa.gov/osiris-rex/2023/09/24/osiris-rex-spacecraft-departs-for-new-mission/ Доступ 25 верасня 2023 г. 

4. Дзесяць рэчаў, якія трэба ведаць пра Бенну. Даступны па адрасе https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2020/bennu-top-ten Доступ 25 верасня 2023 г. 

5. Назіранне за астэроідамі і каметамі. Даступны па адрасе https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/asteroids/overview/index.html Доступ 25 верасня 2023 г. 

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